Driving Tour

Scotland's Divided Loyalties

From Edinburgh's debating halls to Highland garrison forts, trace Scotland's complex relationship with the American Revolution — a land that sent both soldiers to suppress the rebellion and signers of the Declaration of Independence.

5 days · 12 stops 350.9 km ~8.7 hours (incl. visits)

Day 1: Edinburgh

Base: Edinburgh

Both Edinburgh sites are walkable from Old Town. Combine with Edinburgh Castle tour and the Royal Mile. Arthur's Seat offers panoramic views of the city.
1

Edinburgh Castle

Served as a military garrison and recruiting center for regiments sent to fight in America. Scottish Highland regiments, recruited partly through the castle's military infrastructure, played a significant role in the British war effort.

Edinburgh Castle served as a recruiting depot for regiments bound for America. Walk downhill to the Old College, where future revolutionaries studied medicine and law.

Directions to next stop

  1. Head west on Johnston Terrace
  2. Continue straight onto Castle Terrace
  3. Turn left onto Lady Lawson Street
  4. Turn left onto West Port
  5. Continue straight onto Grassmarket
  6. Turn right onto Guthrie Street
  7. ... and 4 more steps

Distance: 1.4 km · Drive: 4 min

2

University of Edinburgh Old College

Benjamin Rush, signer of the Declaration of Independence, earned his medical degree here in 1768; Edinburgh's medical school trained colonial physicians who carried Scottish Enlightenment ideas back to America.

Benjamin Rush, future signer of the Declaration, earned his medical degree here in 1766–1768 — eight years before the Revolution began. Tomorrow, drive southwest to the Solway coast where a very different Scottish revolutionary was born.

Day 2: Dumfries & Galloway

Base: Dumfries

Drive southwest to the Solway coast where John Paul Jones was born. The Burns Heritage Trail and Caerlaverock Castle are nearby diversions.
3

John Paul Jones Birthplace Cottage

Birthplace of John Paul Jones (born John Paul), the Continental Navy's most celebrated captain, who grew up on this estate before his raids on Whitehaven, St Mary's Isle, and Carrickfergus brought the American war to British home waters.

John Paul Jones was born in this gardener's cottage before becoming the American navy's greatest hero. Drive east along the coast to the estate he raided in 1778.

Directions to next stop

  1. Head southeast
  2. Turn left onto Campbell Avenue
  3. Turn left
  4. Turn right
  5. Keep left
  6. Keep right
  7. ... and 25 more steps

Distance: 50.6 km · Drive: 44 min

4

St Mary's Isle Kirkcudbright

John Paul Jones attempted to kidnap the Earl of Selkirk from his estate here on April 23, 1778, the same day as the Whitehaven raid. Finding the Earl absent, the raiders seized the family silver (later returned).

Jones planned to kidnap the Earl of Selkirk, but found him absent; his crew seized the family silver instead — later returned by Jones at personal expense. The raid failed in its objective but terrorised the Scottish coast. Tomorrow, head north to Glasgow's Merchant City.

Day 3: Ayrshire, Glasgow & the Forth Valley

Base: Stirling

Drive north from Dumfries through Ayrshire — stopping at the ruins of Kerelaw Castle, ancestral seat of Alexander Hamilton's family — then on through Glasgow to the industrial heartlands of Falkirk and Stirling. The Falkirk Wheel and Bannockburn visitor centre are worth a stop.
5

Kerelaw Castle (Alexander Hamilton's Father)

Ruined castle in Stevenston, Ayrshire, seat of the Hamilton family from 1655. James Hamilton, born here c.1718, left Scotland for the Caribbean and fathered Alexander Hamilton -- first Secretary of the Treasury and architect of American financial independence. The castle is the first stop on the Stevenston Heritage Trail with interpretation boards and blue plaques.

On the Ayrshire coast, the ruins of Kerelaw Castle mark the ancestral seat of Alexander Hamilton's family. James Hamilton, born here c.1718, left for the Caribbean and fathered the man who would become America's first Secretary of the Treasury. Heritage trail plaques and interpretation boards tell the story. Continue north to Glasgow.

Directions to next stop

  1. Head northwest
  2. Turn left onto A905
  3. Enter the roundabout and take the 3rd exit onto A905
  4. Enter the roundabout and take the 1st exit onto A905
  5. Enter the roundabout and take the 2nd exit onto Bellsdyke Road, A88
  6. Enter the roundabout and take the 1st exit onto New Carron Road, B902
  7. ... and 7 more steps

Distance: 8.1 km · Drive: 9 min

6

Merchant City Glasgow

Glasgow's Tobacco Lords built their fortunes on American colonial trade. The Revolution devastated Glasgow's tobacco trade, transforming the city's economy. Merchant City streets and buildings reflect this former wealth.

Glasgow's Tobacco Lords built their fortunes on American trade, and the Revolution ruined many of them. Drive east to Falkirk, where Scotland's industrial might served the war effort.

Directions to next stop

  1. Head south on Carrongrange Gardens
  2. Turn right onto Carrongrange Avenue
  3. Turn right onto Carrongrange Avenue
  4. Turn left onto Main Street
  5. Turn slight right onto Kirk Avenue
  6. Turn left onto King Street, B905
  7. ... and 29 more steps

Distance: 17.7 km · Drive: 22 min

7

Dunmore Park (The Dunmore Pineapple)

Scottish estate of John Murray, 4th Earl of Dunmore, the last Royal Governor of Virginia who issued the famous 1775 proclamation offering freedom to enslaved people who joined the British cause — one of the Revolution's most provocative acts.

The Dunmore Pineapple marks the estate of Virginia's last Royal Governor, who offered freedom to enslaved people who fought for the Crown. Nearby stand the Carron Ironworks.

Directions to next stop

  1. Head north
  2. Turn left onto Florence Place
  3. Turn left onto Dunkeld Road, A912
  4. Turn sharp right onto Dunkeld Road, A912
  5. Enter the roundabout and take the 1st exit onto Dunkeld Road, A912
  6. Enter the roundabout and take the 1st exit onto Dunkeld Road, A912
  7. ... and 26 more steps

Distance: 193.7 km · Drive: 137 min

8

Carron Ironworks Site

Scotland's pioneering ironworks that invented the carronade — the devastating short-range naval cannon named after the works — first produced c.1778 and widely adopted by the Royal Navy during the American war.

Carron invented the carronade — the devastating short-range cannon that changed naval warfare. Continue north to Stirling, another great military garrison.
9

Stirling Castle

A major military garrison used for mustering Scottish troops during the American war. Highland regiments assembled here before being sent to fight in the colonies.

Highland regiments mustered at Stirling before shipping out to fight in America. Tomorrow, drive north through Perth to the Highlands.

Day 4: Perth & the Highlands

Base: Inverness

Head north through Perth to Fort George on the Moray Firth — the most complete 18th-century military fortress in Europe. Culloden Battlefield is just minutes away.
10

Black Watch Castle & Museum

Regimental museum of the 42nd Foot (Black Watch), which fought at Brooklyn, Fort Washington, Brandywine, Germantown, and Monmouth — suffering among the heaviest losses of any British regiment in the American war.

The Black Watch fought at Brooklyn, Brandywine, and Monmouth. Continue north to Fort George, where the tour ends at one of Europe's finest military fortresses.
11

Fort George

Massive 18th-century garrison fortress used for mustering Highland regiments dispatched to fight in America, including the 71st (Fraser's) Highlanders and the 78th (Seaforth) Highlanders, who suffered heavy casualties in the war.

This massive Hanoverian fortress mustered Highland soldiers for the American war. Tomorrow, drive east to Aberdeen for the tour's final stop.

Day 5: Aberdeen: Patrick Henry's Father

Base: Aberdeen

Drive east to Old Aberdeen, where Patrick Henry's father John Henry attended King's College in the 1720s. The Crown Tower chapel with its medieval woodwork is magnificent. Dunnottar Castle and the Aberdeenshire coast are nearby.
12

King's College, Aberdeen (Patrick Henry's Father)

King's College, Aberdeen, where Patrick Henry's father John Henry attended on scholarship from 1720 to 1724. The Scottish education John Henry brought to Virginia shaped the household in which one of America's greatest orators was raised. Patrick Henry's 'Give me liberty, or give me death' speech crystallised the revolutionary choice. The Crown Tower chapel (1498-1509) contains the finest medieval woodwork in Scotland.

Patrick Henry's father John Henry studied at this magnificent chapel between 1720 and 1724. The Scottish education he brought to Virginia shaped the household in which America's greatest revolutionary orator was raised — the man whose 'Give me liberty, or give me death' speech tipped Virginia toward independence. The Crown Tower and medieval woodwork are among Scotland's finest.